This translation is incomplete. Please help translate this article from English
Аритметичните оператори приемат числови стойности като техен операнд и връща единична числова стойност. Стандартните аритметични оператори са събиране (+), изваждане (-), умножение (*), делене(/)
Събиране (+)
Операторът за събиране произвежда сумата от числови операнди или конкатенация на стрингове.
Синтаксис
Operator: x + y
Примери
// Number + Number -> събиране 1 + 2 // 3 // Boolean + Number -> събиране true + 1 // 2 // Boolean + Boolean -> събиране false + false // 0 // Number + String -> конкатенация 5 + 'foo' // "5foo" // String + Boolean -> конкатенация 'foo' + false // "foofalse" // String + String -> конкатенация 'foo' + 'bar' // "foobar"
Subtraction (-)
The subtraction operator subtracts the two operands, producing their difference.
Syntax
Operator: x - y
Examples
5 - 3 // 2 3 - 5 // -2 'foo' - 3 // NaN
Division (/)
The division operator produces the quotient of its operands where the left operand is the dividend and the right operand is the divisor.
Syntax
Operator: x / y
Examples
1 / 2 // returns 0.5 in JavaScript (In Java, returns 0; both are integers) // (neither 1 nor 2 is explicitly a floating point number) Math.floor(3 / 2) // returns 1 1.0 / 2.0 // returns 0.5 in both JavaScript and Java 2.0 / 0 // returns Infinity 2.0 / 0.0 // ditto, because 0.0 === 0 2.0 / -0.0 // returns -Infinity
Multiplication (*)
The multiplication operator produces the product of the operands.
Syntax
Operator: x * y
Examples
2 * 2 // 4 -2 * 2 // -4 Infinity * 0 // NaN Infinity * Infinity // Infinity 'foo' * 2 // NaN
Remainder (%)
The remainder operator returns the remainder left over when one operand is divided by a second operand. It always takes the sign of the dividend.
Syntax
Operator: var1 % var2
Examples
12 % 5 // 2 -12 % 5 // -2 -1 % 2 // -1 1 % -2 // 1 NaN % 2 // NaN 1 % 2 // 1 2 % 3 // 2 -4 % 2 // -0 5.5 % 2 // 1.5
Exponentiation (**)
The exponentiation operator returns the result of raising the first operand to the power of the second operand. That is, var1var2, in the preceding statement, where var1 and var2 are variables. The exponentiation operator is right-associative. a ** b ** c is equal to a ** (b ** c).
Syntax
Operator: var1 ** var2
Notes
In most languages, such as PHP, Python, and others that have an exponentiation operator (**), the exponentiation operator is defined to have a higher precedence than unary operators, such as unary + and unary -, but there are a few exceptions. For example, in Bash, the ** operator is defined to have a lower precedence than unary operators.
In JavaScript, it is impossible to write an ambiguous exponentiation expression; that is, you cannot put a unary operator (+/-/~/!/delete/void/typeof) immediately before the base number.
-2 ** 2; // 4 in Bash, -4 in other languages. // This is invalid in JavaScript, as the operation is ambiguous. -(2 ** 2); // -4 in JavaScript and the author's intention is unambiguous.
Examples
2 ** 3 // 8 3 ** 2 // 9 3 ** 2.5 // 15.588457268119896 10 ** -1 // 0.1 NaN ** 2 // NaN 2 ** 3 ** 2 // 512 2 ** (3 ** 2) // 512 (2 ** 3) ** 2 // 64
To invert the sign of the result of an exponentiation expression:
-(2 ** 2) // -4
To force the base of an exponentiation expression to be a negative number:
(-2) ** 2 // 4
Note: JavaScript also has a bitwise operator ^ (logical XOR). ** and ^ are different (for example : 2 ** 3 === 8 when 2 ^ 3 === 1.)
Increment (++)
The increment operator increments (adds one to) its operand and returns a value.
- If used postfix, with operator after operand (for example,
x++), then it increments and returns the value before incrementing. - If used prefix, with operator before operand (for example,
++x), then it increments and returns the value after incrementing.
Syntax
Operator: x++ or ++x
Examples
// Postfix var x = 3; y = x++; // y = 3, x = 4 // Prefix var a = 2; b = ++a; // a = 3, b = 3
Decrement (--)
The decrement operator decrements (subtracts one from) its operand and returns a value.
- If used postfix, with operator after operand (for example,
x--), then it decrements and returns the value before decrementing. - If used prefix, with operator before operand (for example,
--x), then it decrements and returns the value after decrementing.
Syntax
Operator: x-- or --x
Examples
// Postfix var x = 3; y = x--; // y = 3, x = 2 // Prefix var a = 2; b = --a; // a = 1, b = 1
Unary negation (-)
The unary negation operator precedes its operand and negates it.
Syntax
Operator: -x
Examples
var x = 3; y = -x; // y = -3, x = 3 // Unary negation operator can convert non-numbers into a number var x = "4"; y = -x; // y = -4
Unary plus (+)
The unary plus operator precedes its operand and evaluates to its operand but attempts to convert it into a number, if it isn't already. Although unary negation (-) also can convert non-numbers, unary plus is the fastest and preferred way of converting something into a number, because it does not perform any other operations on the number. It can convert string representations of integers and floats, as well as the non-string values true, false, and null. Integers in both decimal and hexadecimal (0x-prefixed) formats are supported. Negative numbers are supported (though not for hex). If it cannot parse a particular value, it will evaluate to NaN.
Syntax
Operator: +x
Examples
+3 // 3
+'3' // 3
+true // 1
+false // 0
+null // 0
+function(val){ return val } // NaN
Specifications
Browser compatibility
No compatibility data found. Please contribute data for "javascript.operators.arithmetic" (depth: 1) to the MDN compatibility data repository.