<caption>: The Table Caption element

The <caption> HTML element specifies the caption (or title) of a table, providing the table an accessible description.

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Attributes

This element includes the global attributes.

Deprecated attributes

The following attributes are deprecated and should not be used. They are documented below for reference when updating existing code and for historical interest only.

align Deprecated

Specifies on which side of the table the caption should be displayed. The possible enumerated values are left, top, right, or bottom. Use the caption-side and text-align CSS properties instead, as this attribute is deprecated.

Usage notes

  • If included, the <caption> element must be the first child of its parent <table> element.
  • When a <table> is nested within a <figure> as the figure's only content, it should be captioned via a <figcaption> for the <figure> instead of as a <caption> nested within the <table>.
  • Any background-color applied to a table will not be applied to its caption. Add a background-color to the <caption> element as well if you want the same color to be behind both.

Example

See <table> for a complete table example introducing common standards and best practices.

This example demonstrates a basic table that includes a caption describing the data presented.

Such a "title" is helpful for users who are quickly scanning the page, and it is especially beneficial for visually impaired users, allowing them to determine the table's relevance quickly without the need to have a screen reader read the contents of many cells just to find out what the table is about.

HTML

A <caption> element is used as the first child of the <table>, with text content similar to a title to describe the table data. Three rows, the first being a header row, with two columns are created using the <tr>, <th> and <td> elements after the <caption>.

html
<table>
  <caption>
    User login email addresses
  </caption>
  <tr>
    <th>Login</th>
    <th>Email</th>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>user1</td>
    <td>user1@example.com</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>user2</td>
    <td>user2@example.com</td>
  </tr>
</table>

CSS

Some basic CSS is used to align and highlight the <caption>.

css
caption {
  caption-side: top;
  text-align: left;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  font-weight: bold;
}

Result

Technical summary

Content categories None.
Permitted content Flow content.
Tag omission The end tag can be omitted if the element is not immediately followed by ASCII whitespace or a comment.
Permitted parents A <table> element, as its first descendant.
Implicit ARIA role caption
Permitted ARIA roles No role permitted
DOM interface HTMLTableCaptionElement

Specifications

Specification
HTML Standard
# the-caption-element

Browser compatibility

BCD tables only load in the browser

See also