<var>: The Variable element

The <var> HTML element represents the name of a variable in a mathematical expression or a programming context. It's typically presented using an italicized version of the current typeface, although that behavior is browser-dependent.

Try it

Attributes

This element only includes the global attributes.

Usage notes

Other elements that are used in contexts in which <var> is commonly used include:

  • <code>: The HTML Code element
  • <kbd>: The HTML Keyboard input element
  • <samp>: The HTML Sample Output element

If you encounter code that is mistakenly using <var> for style purposes rather than semantic purposes, you should either use a <span> with appropriate CSS or, an appropriate semantic element among the following:

Default style

Most browsers apply font-style to "italic" when rendering <var>. This can be overridden in CSS, like this:

css
var {
  font-style: normal;
}

Examples

Basic example

Here's a simple example, using <var> to denote variable names in a mathematical equation.

html
<p>A simple equation: <var>x</var> = <var>y</var> + 2</p>

Result

Overriding the default style

Using CSS, you can override the default style for the <var> element. In this example, variable names are rendered using bold Courier if it's available, otherwise it falls back to the default monospace font.

CSS

css
var {
  font:
    bold 15px "Courier",
    "Courier New",
    monospace;
}

HTML

html
<p>
  The variables <var>minSpeed</var> and <var>maxSpeed</var> control the minimum
  and maximum speed of the apparatus in revolutions per minute (RPM).
</p>

This HTML uses <var> to enclose the names of two variables.

Result

Technical summary

Content categories Flow content, phrasing content, palpable content.
Permitted content Phrasing content.
Tag omission None, both the starting and ending tag are mandatory.
Permitted parents Any element that accepts phrasing content.
Implicit ARIA role No corresponding role
Permitted ARIA roles Any
DOM interface HTMLElement

Specifications

Specification
HTML Standard
# the-var-element

Browser compatibility

BCD tables only load in the browser