The ParentNode.append()
method
inserts a set of Node
objects or DOMString
objects after
the last child of the ParentNode
. DOMString
objects
are inserted as equivalent Text
nodes.
Differences from Node.appendChild()
:
ParentNode.append()
allows you to also appendDOMString
objects, whereasNode.appendChild()
only acceptsNode
objects.ParentNode.append()
has no return value, whereasNode.appendChild()
returns the appendedNode
object.ParentNode.append()
can append several nodes and strings, whereasNode.appendChild()
can only append one node.
Syntax
// [Throws, Unscopable]
ParentNode.append(...nodesOrDOMStrings) // returns undefined
Parameters
Exceptions
HierarchyRequestError
: Node cannot be inserted at the specified point in the hierarchy.
Examples
Appending an element
let parent = document.createElement("div")
let p = document.createElement("p")
parent.append(p)
console.log(parent.childNodes) // NodeList [ <p> ]
Appending text
let parent = document.createElement("div")
parent.append("Some text")
console.log(parent.textContent) // "Some text"
Appending an element and text
let parent = document.createElement("div")
let p = document.createElement("p")
parent.append("Some text", p)
console.log(parent.childNodes) // NodeList [ #text "Some text", <p> ]
ParentNode.append() is unscopable
The append()
method is not scoped into the with
statement.
See Symbol.unscopables
for more information.
let parent = document.createElement("div")
with(parent) {
append("foo")
}
// ReferenceError: append is not defined
Polyfill
You can polyfill the append() method
in Internet Explorer 9 and higher
with the following code:
// Source: https://github.com/jserz/js_piece/blob/master/DOM/ParentNode/append()/append().md
(function (arr) {
arr.forEach(function (item) {
if (item.hasOwnProperty('append')) {
return;
}
Object.defineProperty(item, 'append', {
configurable: true,
enumerable: true,
writable: true,
value: function append() {
var argArr = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments),
docFrag = document.createDocumentFragment();
argArr.forEach(function (argItem) {
var isNode = argItem instanceof Node;
docFrag.appendChild(isNode ? argItem : document.createTextNode(String(argItem)));
});
this.appendChild(docFrag);
}
});
});
})([Element.prototype, Document.prototype, DocumentFragment.prototype]);
Specifications
Specification | Status | Comment |
---|---|---|
DOM The definition of 'ParentNode.append()' in that specification. |
Living Standard | Initial definition. |