# <mmultiscripts>

The MathML `<mmultiscripts>` element allows you to create tensor-like objects. In a descriptive way tensors are multidimensional matrices (mathematical imprecise but exemplified). The degree of a tensor depends on the dimensionality of a representative array. For example, a number is a 0-dimensional array, or a 0th-order tensor. A 1-dimensional array (e.g. vectors) is a 1st-order tensor and so 2nd-order tensors are needed to represent square matrices. To learn more about the mathematical background of tensors refer to the entry on Wikipedia.

MathML uses a special syntax to describe subscripts and superscripts for both, postscripts and prescripts, attached to a base expression:

```<mmultiscripts>
base
(subscript superscript)*
[ <mprescripts/> (presubscript presuperscript)* ]
</mmultiscripts>
```

After the base expression you can specify a postsubscript and a postsuperscript. Prescripts are optional and are separated by the empty tag `<mprescripts/>` (only one <mprescripts /> element is allowed, otherwise you will get an `DuplicateMprescripts` error in the Error Console and "invalid-markup" in your rendering). In addition you are able to use `<none/>` as a placeholder for empty scripts (not for the base). See the examples section for a correct usage.

## Attributes

`class`, `id`, `style`
Provided for use with stylesheets.
`href`
Used to set a hyperlink to a specified URI.
`mathbackground`
The background color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and HTML color names.
`mathcolor`
The text color. You can use `#rgb`, `#rrggbb` and HTML color names.
`subscriptshift`
The minimum space by which to shift the subscript below the baseline of the expression, as a CSS length.
This property is deprecated and will be removed in the future.
`superscriptshift`
The minimum space by which to shift the superscript above the baseline of the expression, as a CSS length.
This property is deprecated and will be removed in the future.

## Examples

### Using `<mprescripts/>`

Sample rendering:

Rendering in your browser: ${}_{b}{}^{a}X_{d}^{c}$

```[itex]

<mmultiscripts>

<mi>X</mi>      <!-- base expression -->

<mi>d</mi>      <!-- postsubscript -->
<mi>c</mi>      <!-- postsuperscript -->

<mprescripts />
<mi>b</mi>      <!-- presubscript -->
<mi>a</mi>      <!-- presuperscript -->

</mmultiscripts>

[/itex]
```

### Using `<none/>`

Sample rendering:

Rendering in your browser: ${}_{b}X^{c}$

```[itex]

<mmultiscripts>

<mi>X</mi>      <!-- base expression -->

<none />        <!-- postsubscript -->
<mi>c</mi>      <!-- postsuperscript -->

<mprescripts />
<mi>b</mi>      <!-- presubscript -->
<none />        <!-- presuperscript -->

</mmultiscripts>

[/itex]
```

## Specifications

Specification Status Comment
MathML 3.0
The definition of 'mmultiscripts' in that specification.
Recommendation Current specification
MathML 2.0
The definition of 'mmultiscripts' in that specification.
Recommendation Initial specification

## Browser compatibility

Update compatibility data on GitHub
Desktop Mobile Chrome Edge Firefox Internet Explorer Opera Safari Android webview Chrome for Android Firefox for Android Opera for Android Chrome No support No Edge No support No Firefox Full support 1 IE No support No Opera No support No Safari Full support 6 WebView Android No support No Chrome Android No support No Firefox Android Full support 4 Opera Android No support No Safari iOS No support No Samsung Internet Android No support No Chrome No support No Edge No support No Firefox Full support 12 IE No support No Opera No support No Safari No support No WebView Android No support No Chrome Android No support No Firefox Android Full support 14 Opera Android No support No Safari iOS No support No Samsung Internet Android No support No Chrome No support No Edge No support No Firefox Full support 7 IE No support No Opera No support No Safari No support No WebView Android No support No Chrome Android No support No Firefox Android Full support 7 Opera Android No support No Safari iOS No support No Samsung Internet Android No support No Chrome No support No Edge No support No Firefox Full support 28 IE No support No Opera No support No Safari Full support 6 WebView Android No support No Chrome Android No support No Firefox Android Full support 28 Opera Android No support No Safari iOS No support No Samsung Internet Android No support No Chrome No support No Edge No support No Firefox Full support 1 IE No support No Opera No support No Safari Full support 6 WebView Android No support No Chrome Android No support No Firefox Android Full support 4 Opera Android No support No Safari iOS No support No Samsung Internet Android No support No

Full support
Full support
No support
No support

## See also

• `<msub>` (Subscript)
• `<msup>` (Superscript)
• `<msubsup>` (Subscript-superscript pair)