background-size

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배경 이미지로 덮이지 않은 공간은 background-color 속성으로 채워지고, 배경 이미지에서 투명하거나 반투명한 부분을 통해서도 배경색이 보입니다.

구문

/* 키워드 값 */
background-size: cover;
background-size: contain;

/* 단일 값 구문 */
/* 이미지 너비 (높이는 'auto'가 됨) */
background-size: 50%;
background-size: 3.2em;
background-size: 12px;
background-size: auto;

/* 두 개 값 구문 */
/* 첫 번째 값: 이미지 너비, 두 번째 값: 이미지 높이 */
background-size: 50% auto;
background-size: 3em 25%;
background-size: auto 6px;
background-size: auto auto;

/* 다중 배경 */
background-size: auto, auto; /* `auto auto`와 혼동하지 말 것 */
background-size: 50%, 25%, 25%;
background-size: 6px, auto, contain;

/* 전역 값 */
background-size: inherit;
background-size: initial;
background-size: unset;

 background-size 속성은 다음 방법 중 하나로 지정할 수 있습니다. 

• contain 또는 cover 키워드 값 사용.
• 너비 값만 사용. 높이는 자동으로 auto가 됩니다.
• 너비와 높이 값을 모두 사용. 첫 번째 값은 너비로, 두 번째 값은 높이를 설정합니다. 각 값은 <length>, <percentage>, auto를 사용할 수 있습니다.

여러 배경 이미지의 사이즈를 지정하려면 각각의 값을 쉼표로 구분하세요.

값

contain

이미지가 잘리거나 찌그러지지 않는 한도 내에서 제일 크게 설정.

cover

이미지가 찌그러지지 않는 한도 내에서 제일 크게 설정. 이미지의 가로세로비가 요소와 다르다면 이미지를 세로 또는 가로방향으로 잘라내어 빈 공간이 생기지 않도록 설정합니다.

auto

배경 이미지의 원본 크기를 유지.

<length>

원본 크기의 너비/높이를 주어진 값으로 늘리거나 줄임. 음수는 유효하지 않습니다.

<percentage>

Stretches the image in the corresponding dimension to the specified percentage of the background positioning area. The background positioning area is determined by the value of background-origin (by default, the padding box). However, if the background's background-attachment value is fixed, the positioning area is instead the entire viewport. Negative values are not allowed.

원본 크기와 비율

The computation of values depends on the image's intrinsic dimensions (width and height) and intrinsic proportions (width-to-height ratio). These attributes are as follows:

• A bitmap image (such as JPG) always has intrinsic dimensions and proportions.
• A vector image (such as SVG) does not necessarily have intrinsic dimensions. If it has both horizontal and vertical intrinsic dimensions, it also has intrinsic proportions. If it has no dimensions or only one dimension, it may or may not have proportions.
• CSS <gradient>s have no intrinsic dimensions or intrinsic proportions.
• Background images created with the element() function use the intrinsic dimensions and proportions of the generating element.

Based on the intrinsic dimensions and proportions, the rendered size of the background image is computed as follows:

If both components of background-size are specified and are not auto:

The background image is rendered at the specified size.

If the background-size is contain or cover:

While preserving its intrinsic proportions, the image is rendered at the largest size contained within, or covering, the background positioning area. If the image has no intrinsic proportions, then it's rendered at the size of the background positioning area.

If the background-size is auto or auto auto:

• If the image has both horizontal and vertical intrinsic dimensions, it's rendered at that size.
• If the image has no intrinsic dimensions and has no intrinsic proportions, it's rendered at the size of the background positioning area.
• If the image has no intrinsic dimensions but has intrinsic proportions, it's rendered as if contain had been specified instead.
• If the image has only one intrinsic dimension and has intrinsic proportions, it's rendered at the size corresponding to that one dimension. The other dimension is computed using the specified dimension and the intrinsic proportions.
• If the image has only one intrinsic dimension but has no intrinsic proportions, it's rendered using the specified dimension and the other dimension of the background positioning area.

Note: SVG images have a preserveAspectRatio attribute that defaults to the equivalent of contain. In Firefox 43, as opposed to Chrome 52, an explicit background-size causes preserveAspectRatio to be ignored.

If the background-size has one auto component and one non-auto component:

• If the image has intrinsic proportions, it's stretched to the specified dimension. The unspecified dimension is computed using the specified dimension and the intrinsic proportions.
• If the image has no intrinsic proportions, it's stretched to the specified dimension. The unspecified dimension is computed using the image's corresponding intrinsic dimension, if there is one. If there is no such intrinsic dimension, it becomes the corresponding dimension of the background positioning area.

형식 구문

<bg-size>#
where 
<bg-size> = [ <length-percentage> | auto ]{1,2} | cover | contain
where 
<length-percentage> = <length> | <percentage>

예제

Please see Scaling background images for examples.

참고

If you use a <gradient> as the background and specify a background-size to go with it, it's best not to specify a size that uses a single auto component, or is specified using only a width value (for example, background-size: 50%). Rendering of <gradient>s in such cases changed in Firefox 8, and at present is generally inconsistent across browsers, which do not all implement rendering in full accordance with the CSS3 background-size specification and with the CSS3 Image Values gradient specification.

.gradient-example {
  width: 50px;
  height: 100px;
  background-image: linear-gradient(blue, red);

  /* Not safe to use */
  background-size: 25px;
  background-size: 50%;
  background-size: auto 50px;
  background-size: auto 50%;

  /* Safe to use */
  background-size: 25px 50px;
  background-size: 50% 50%;
}

Note that it's particularly not recommended to use a pixel dimension and an auto dimension with a <gradient>, because it's impossible to replicate rendering in versions of Firefox prior to 8, and in browsers not implementing Firefox 8's rendering, without knowing the exact size of the element whose background is being specified.

명세

브라우저 호환성

The compatibility table in this page is generated from structured data. If you'd like to contribute to the data, please check out https://github.com/mdn/browser-compat-data and send us a pull request.

같이 보기

• Scaling background images
• Scaling of SVG backgrounds
• object-fit