ARIA live regions

<fieldset>
  <legend>Planet information</legend>
  <label for="planetsSelect">Planet:</label>
  <select id="planetsSelect" aria-controls="planetInfo">
    <option value="">Select a planet&hellip;</option>
    <option value="mercury">Mercury</option>
    <option value="venus">Venus</option>
    <option value="earth">Earth</option>
    <option value="mars">Mars</option>
  </select>
  <button id="renderPlanetInfoButton">Go</button>
</fieldset>

<div role="region" id="planetInfo" aria-live="polite">
  <h2 id="planetTitle">No planet selected</h2>
  <p id="planetDescription">Select a planet to view its description</p>
</div>

<p>
  <small
    >Information courtesy
    <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_System#Inner_Solar_System"
      >Wikipedia</a
    ></small
  >
</p>

const PLANETS_INFO = {
  mercury: {
    title: "Mercury",
    description:
      "Mercury is the smallest and innermost planet in the Solar System. It is named after the Roman deity Mercury, the messenger to the gods.",
  },

  venus: {
    title: "Venus",
    description:
      "Venus is the second planet from the Sun. It is named after the Roman goddess of love and beauty.",
  },

  earth: {
    title: "Earth",
    description:
      "Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only object in the Universe known to harbor life.",
  },

  mars: {
    title: "Mars",
    description:
      'Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury. In English, Mars carries a name of the Roman god of war, and is often referred to as the "Red Planet".',
  },
};

function renderPlanetInfo(planet) {
  const planetTitle = document.querySelector("#planetTitle");
  const planetDescription = document.querySelector("#planetDescription");

  if (planet in PLANETS_INFO) {
    planetTitle.textContent = PLANETS_INFO[planet].title;
    planetDescription.textContent = PLANETS_INFO[planet].description;
  } else {
    planetTitle.textContent = "No planet selected";
    planetDescription.textContent = "Select a planet to view its description";
  }
}

const renderPlanetInfoButton = document.querySelector(
  "#renderPlanetInfoButton",
);

renderPlanetInfoButton.addEventListener("click", (event) => {
  const planetsSelect = document.querySelector("#planetsSelect");
  const selectedPlanet =
    planetsSelect.options[planetsSelect.selectedIndex].value;

  renderPlanetInfo(selectedPlanet);
});

<div id="clock" role="timer" aria-live="polite"></div>

/* basic JavaScript to update the clock */

setInterval(function () {
  var now = new Date();
  document.getElementById("clock").innerHTML =
    "Time: " + now.getHours() + ":" + ("0" + now.getMinutes()).substr(-2);
}, 60000);

<div id="clock" role="timer" aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true"></div>

<div id="date-input">
  <label
    >Year:
    <input type="text" id="year" value="1990" onblur="change(event)" />
  </label>
</div>

<div id="date-output" aria-live="polite">
  The set year is:
  <span id="year-output">1990</span>
</div>

function change(event) {
  var yearOut = document.getElementById("year-output");
  switch (event.target.id) {
    case "year":
      yearOut.innerHTML = event.target.value;
      break;
    default:
      return;
  }
}

<ul id="roster" aria-live="polite" aria-relevant="additions removals">
  <!-- use JavaScript to add remove users here-->
</ul>